Exploring Water Source Preferences and Agricultural Water Use in Rural Communities in the Changing Climate in Yobe State

Abstract

In the face of a changing climate, rural communities in Yobe State, Nigeria, are experiencing increased water scarcity, impacting agricultural productivity and livelihoods. Despite the abundance of studies on rural water use, gaps remain in understanding the interplay between economic factors, traditions, and agricultural practices in shaping these preferences and utilization. Therefore, this study investigates water source preferences and agricultural water use among rural households in Yobe State, examining the implications of climate change on these dynamics. A mixed-methods approach combining surveys, interviews, and focus groups was employed to collect data from 300 rural households. Statistical Analysis, such as logit, and multinomial regressions were used for the data analysis. Results show that rural households prefer traditional water sources like rivers and wells over modern sources like boreholes and piped water. However, climate change has altered the reliability and quality of these traditional sources, forcing households to adapt their water use strategies. The study reveals a significant shift towards groundwater use for irrigation, increasing the risk of over-extraction and land degradation. The findings highlight the need for climate-resilient water management strategies, improved water infrastructure, and sustainable agricultural practices to ensure food security and livelihood resilience in rural Yobe State. This research contributes to understanding the complex relationships between water sources, agricultural water use, and climate change in rural communities, informing policy and interventions to support climate adaptation and sustainable development.